C1S

an abbreviation for coated one side. It usually refers to clay coated papers that are only coated on the print side. Since adhesives cover the other side, many clay coated papers we use are C1S. If product was C2S, it would be clay coated on both sides. Typical uses for this type of product would be magazines and brochures.

calendar

a series of horizontal steel rolls at the dry end of the paper machine which increase the paper's smoothness, gloss and apparent density.

caliper

a measure of thickness. Usually caliper is referred to in mil thickness. Each mil is 1/1000. Normally heavier caliper papers will be stiffer. Caliper of roll PS release liners is particularly important because dies are made to cut to a specific depth. If the die cuts too deeply, labels will not be able to be removed from the liner. If it does not cut deeply enough, stripping will be difficult. Caliper can also be the equipment that determines the thickness.

cambric

a cloth tape used in the book binding industry. Cambric is heavier and stronger than holland, but not as strong as gusset.

carbonless paper

a paper specially coated to achieve write-through without use of carbon interleaves or carbon coating. Transfer type carbonless paper requires contact of two surfaces for image formation. Self-contained develops its own image without need of contact of two surfaces.

carload

another term for a truck load quantity. In water and heat sensitive products it is determined by weight -- 40,000 lbs. In roll pressure sensitive it is determined by square inches shipped -- usually 140 MMSI.

carrier

another term for release liner on pressure sensitive papers.

cast coated paper

these are created by bringing the paper in contact with chromium drums. Print surface is exceptionally smooth. Cast coated papers have the highest gloss levels of any clay coated paper. KromeKote is an example of a cast coated paper.

cast film

plastic sheeting manufactured by the casting process, as opposed to the extruded process.

cast vinyl

vinyl sheeting manufactured by coating a liquid vinyl acetate or similar ester onto a casting paper and curing in a heated oven.

CB

a designation for coated back. This term is most frequently used on carbonless paper to designate a carbonless coating that is only on the bottom side of the paper. CB carbonless is used over another sheet that has a CF coated front coating. Seldom CB carbonless would be used as a label. Adhesives will act as a barrier so that the paper will not image properly. See also carbonless paper, NCR Paper(tm), self-contained carbonless and CF.

CCD

Charge Coupled Device; Used in scanners to sense the light and dark areas of a symbol. A multiple number of light sensitive areas can be arranged linearly for a 1-dimensional bar code or in a two- dimensional array for 2-dimensional bar codes.

CD

this stands for cross machine direction of the paper. In rolls it would be the width of the roll. In sheets it would be the short grain direction of the sheet.

cellophane

a transparent film made of regenerated cellulose. It is greaseproof and with suitable coatings can be made moisture proof and heat sealable. It is normally measured by thickness. Cellophane is most commonly a substrate rather than a label face stock.

cellulose fiber

fibrous material remaining after the non-fibrous components of weed have been removed by pulping and bleaching operations.

centerline

the vertical axis around which character elements are located for letters, numerals, or symbols.

centigrade

a scale of temperature which 0 represents freezing temperature of water and 100 represents the boiling point of water. Centigrade temperatures are usually designated 10¡C. Conversion from centigrade to Fahrenheit would be to multiply centigrade by 1.8 and add 32 to the result. The formula would be centigrade * 1.8 + 32 = Fahrenheit.

centipoise

one hundredth of a pose. It is a measure of viscosity of a fluid and is the main Bureau of Standards measurement for viscosity. See also viscosity.

CF

a designation for coated front. This term is most frequently used on carbonless paper to designate a carbonless coating that is only on the top side of the paper. CF carbonless is used under another sheet that has a CB coated back coating. Frequently CF carbonless would be used as a label. It is usually located as the bottom part of a multi-part form. See also carbonless paper, NCR Paper(tm), self-contained carbonless and CB .

CFB

a carbonless paper with coating on both front and back. The CF side would come in contact with another carbonless sheet that was CB coated. The B side would come in contact with another carbonless sheet that was CF coated. See also carbonless paper, CF and CB.

chalking

the deterioration of a coating that causes formation of a loose, chalk-like powder on the film surface.

character

1. A single group of bars and spaces which represent an individual number, letter, punctuation mark or other symbol. 2. A graphic shape representing a letter, numeral or symbol. 3. A letter, digit, or other symbol that is used as part of the organization, control or representation of data.

character alignment

The vertical or horizontal position of characters with respect to a given reference line.

character set

those characters available for encodation in a particular bar code symbology.

check character

a character included within a symbol whose value is used for the purpose of performing a mathematical check to ensure the accuracy of the read.

checking / crazing

the presence of hair-line cracks in a coating or film.

check digit

see Check Character.

chemical curing

the process of setting or curing of an adhesive brought about by the addition of a catalyst or accelerator.

chemical resistance

the resistance of a pressure sensitive label to the deteriorating effects resulting from exposure to chemicals under specified conditions.

chill roller

a roller kept at a cold temperature. It is used to cool label constructions on which adhesives have been applied at high temperatures. Hot melt pressure sensitive coaters frequently have chill rollers to cool the adhesive.

clarity

degree of clearness in a film..

Clark

equipment used to measure the stiffness of paper. See also stiffness.

clay coating

a print coating that provides a very smooth surface. Print quality is higher with clay coated papers than they would be with uncoated papers. Examples of clay coated papers are Semigloss, KromeKote, C1S Litho, C1S Tag, etc.

clayfilled

a process in which cloth is filled with clay so that it can be adhesive coated. It is necessary so that the adhesive will not come out the other side.

clear area

see quiet zone.

clear coat

a coating that protects the printing and the surface of a pressure sensitive label from abrasion, sunlight, chemicals, moisture, or a combination of these.clamp mark

co-extrusions

film produced by more than one extruder through a common die. films have been made with as many as 13 layers.

co-polymer

two or more mixed monomers which, when polymerized, yield a complex product having properties different from either simple polymer alone.cockling

coated paper

could have one of two meanings. It could refer to adhesive coating done on paper. It could also refer to clay print coatings done by the paper mill to enhance printing characteristics. The meaning would be determined by the context in which it is used. See also uncoated paper.

coating weight

the weight of coating per unit area of a substrate. this is preferably expressed as grams per 100 square inches. Not all adhesive coaters use the same measuement for coat weight

COD

an abbreviation for cash on delivery. We are not equipped to handle COD shipments. We can either sell an account on open credit or on a C.W.O. basis.

Codabar

2 of 7 Code, Code 27 . A numbers-only bar code consisting of seven modules, two of which are wide. See AIM X5-3 USS-Codabar for specifications.

code

A set of unambiguous rules specifying the way in which data may be represented. Numbers and letters used to represent information see Number System.

Code 128

A full alphanumeric bar code capable of encoding all 128 ASCII characters. See AIM X5-4 USS- 128 for specifications.

Code 16K

See stacked codes. This symbol is a stack of from 2 to 16 rows.

Code 39

3 of 9 Code; A full alphanumeric bar code consisting of nine modules, three of which are wide.

Code 49

see stacked codes. This symbol is a stack of from 2 to 8 rows. Each row encodes row count information plus data characters.

Code 93

a full alphanumeric bar code capable of encoding all 128 ASCII characters. See AIM X5-5 USS- 128 for specifications.

code reader

a device that examines a printed spatial pattern and decodes the encoded data.

coefficient of expansion

the fractional change in length of a material for a unit change in temperature.

cohesive strength

the amount of internal strength of the adhesive. Cohesive strength must be greater than the specific adhesion in order to prevent the adhesive from splitting when the label is removed from a surface. Cohesive strength is tested by vertically bonding a label sample to a test bar. A weight is then attached to the sample and the amount of time that elapses before the sample pulls free indicates the amount of sheer strength.

cold flow

another term for adhesive ooze. It represents the degree to which the adhesive continues to flow under normal conditions. Cold flow can increase with application of both heat and pressure.

cold glue

a glue that is used in liquid form. It would be the opposite of a hot melt adhesive, or one that needs to be heated when it is used.

cold temperature adhesive

a pressure sensitive adhesive designed for application in refrigerator conditions to a cold substrate. Most cold temperature adhesives will not work in true freezer conditions.

collating

a means of putting various papers in their proper order. This process is used in the form industry to attach several layers of a multi part form together. Also it would be used during the manufacture of books to insure that the pages are in the proper order.

color

both white and colored papers can be described in terms of color. White varies from blue to cream and pink. Colored papers are dyed to a number of hues.

color fastness

the permanence of a color during exposure to light. Generally this is a more important characteristic for inks than adhesives unless the adhesives are applied to a transparent face stock. Some rubber based adhesives tend to yellow with age.

compatibility

ability of two or more substances to mix or blend without separation.

compression mold

a type of plastic mold which forms the finished shape by heat and the pressure of closing the mold.

compression score

a score used in the sheet pressure sensitive industry to enable easy removal of two pieces of release liner with little concern about label size. The user bends back the liner at point of the compression score and the liner breaks into two pieces. The pieces are removed by the consumer. This type of score allows the printer to stock one size of paper for many different label jobs.

condensation

the precipitation of ambient moisture on substrates. Condensation on substrates can adversely affect adhesion because the adhesive sticks to the water, not the intended surface. This can be a common problem in the processed meat industry where application is done at very high humidity and 45 degrees F temperatures. Condensation can also pose problems for water sensitive adhesives. If the water drops onto the adhesive prematurely, it could cause blocking.

conditioning

the process of subjecting material to the specific temperature and humidity conditions that will be used in production. Sheet fed printers condition material before printing to make sure that it is dimensionally stable and that it does not curl excessively. The amount of time it takes for the product to acclimate will depend on the volume of material and the temperature and humidity difference. The larger volume and the greater the difference, the longer acclimation will take. This would be the opposite of putting sheet goods on a press as soon as they arrived in a cold press during the winter.

CONEG

regulations controling lack of heavy metal content in materials

conformability

the ability of a pressure sensitive material to yield to the contours of a surface.

construction

a multi-layer laminate of webstocks. usually consisting of a facestock, an adhesive layer, and a siliconized backing.

consumer unit

in the UPC standard, a specific package quantity of a specific product offered by a specific manufacturer.

continuous code

a bar code symbol where all spaces within the symbol are parts of characters, e.g.,

contrast

the difference in reflectance between the black and white or bar and space areas of a symbol.

conventional gum

a water sensitive adhesive that has a shiny finish. It is less dimensionally stable than dry gum, but less expensive.

core

the base product on which rolls are wound.

core plug

a protective device placed on exposed ends of cores to help prevent the core from crushing during transit.

corona treatment

an electrical discharge which is used to raise the critical surface tension of substrates to facilitate good wet-out of applied materials or coatings.

cover-up

a label that has an opaque adhesive used to cover other printing. It is more opaque than standard grades to minimize show through of what is below the label. These are frequently used to revise product information on previously printed boxes or labels. They are also used to correct mistakes.

CPI

Characters Per Inch see Bar Code Density.

creep

the movement of a pressure sensitive adhesive on a surface due to its low cohesive strength.

cross direction

the direction at right angles to the machine direction in the plane of a sheet of paper (or web).

cross perforation

a perforation cut at right angles to the web direction on a form. They usually designate the edge of the form.

CSA

Canadian Standards Association. Canadian association similar to Underwriters Laboratories.

cupping

a slight u-shaped deformation of tape or a roll at right angles to the length which usually appears after unwind tension is relaxed.

cure

a change in the properties of an adhesive by chemical reaction. Curing can include condensation, polymerization, or vulcanization. Usually it is accomplished by the application of heat and catalysts or heat alone.

curing temperature

the temperature at which an adhesive or ink is subjected to curing.

curing time

the time required to effect a cure or vulcanization.

CWO

an abbreviation for cash with order. When we need to make a C.W.O. shipment, we can only accept a certified check, money order or a wire transfer. We will not normally begin manufacturing any product until payment is received.

CWT

an abbreviation for hundred weight. It indicates that the material weighs 100 lbs. It is the most common unit of pricing on products sold to the business forms industry. A price of $150/CWT would mean that 100 pounds would cost $150.